Session 1.7 - Testing Terminology & Methodology

Module 1: Introduction to Software Testing | Duration: 1 hour

Learning Objectives
  • Establish a shared glossary for professional testing.
  • Differentiate testing levels, approaches, and artifacts.
  • Relate methodologies (Agile/DevOps) to day-to-day testing workflows.

Glossary: Core Terms

Defect / Bug / Fault: A flaw that can cause failure.
Failure: Deviation of delivered service from expected result.
Error: Human action producing an incorrect result.
Test Case: Inputs, execution conditions, and expected results.
Test Suite: A set of test cases grouped for execution.
Test Plan / Strategy: Scope, approach, resources, and schedule.
Test Oracle: Source of expected outcomes (specs, contracts, heuristics).
Test Environment: Hardware, software, data, and network setup.

Testing Levels

Unit: Validate smallest testable parts (functions/classes).
Integration: Verify interfaces and collaborations among components.
System: Validate end-to-end behavior in realistic environments.
Acceptance: Confirm product meets user/business needs.

Approaches & Techniques

  • Black-box: EC, BVA, decision tables, state-based, use cases.
  • White-box: Control/data flow, branch/path, mutation.
  • Grey-box: Combine interface knowledge with internal hints.
  • Non-functional: Performance, security, usability, reliability.

Artifacts & Workflow

  • Plan → Design → Implement → Execute → Report → Improve.
  • Artifacts: plan, strategy, cases, data, scripts, reports, dashboards.
  • Traceability from requirements to tests to defects to releases.

Methodologies & Process Models

Agile: Tests embedded in stories (DoD), frequent increments, continuous feedback.
DevOps: Continuous testing in CI/CD, shift-left & shift-right (observability-driven).
Shift-left: Early involvement in requirements/design, contract tests.
Shift-right: Synthetic monitoring, canary checks, chaos, and resiliency testing.

Roles & Collaboration

  • QA / Tester: Scenario design, exploratory, risk articulation.
  • SDET: Test frameworks, automation, CI integrations.
  • Developers: Unit tests, code reviews, contract tests.
  • PO/UX/Ops: Acceptance criteria, usability, operability.

Summary & Assignment

Terminology clarity plus the right methodology unlocks reliable, efficient testing practices that scale with team and product complexity.

Assignment: Create a one-page testing glossary for your team and map each term to where it appears in your workflow (artifact, tool, or meeting).